Land surface remote sensing in continental hydrology / edited by Nicolas Baghdadi, Mehrez Zribi.

Contributor(s):

Series: Remote sensing observations of continental surfaces setPublisher: San Diego : Elsevier ; London : ISTE Press, 2016Description: xliii., 458 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cmContent type:

text

Media type:

unmediated

Carrier type:

volume

ISBN:

9781785481048

Subject(s):

DDC classification:

551.5 23 L263

Contents:

1.1. Thematic introduction / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.2. Description of soil parameters / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.2.1. Soil roughness / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.2.2. Soil surface moisture / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3. Radar signal sensitivity to soil parameters / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.1. Sensitivity of radar signal to soil roughness / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.2. Sensitivity of the radar signal to soil moisture / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.3. Soil salinity / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.4. Soil texture composition / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4. Modelling of radar backscattering on bare soil / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.1. Description of the IEM / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.2. Description of the Dubois model / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.3. Description of the Oh model / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.4. Numerical modelling / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.5. Estimation of soil parameters at plot scale based on high and very-high spatial resolution data / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.5.1. Case of bare soil / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.5.2. Case of soil with vegetation cover / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.6. Estimation of soil parameters with medium spatial resolution / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.7. Prospects / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.8. Key points / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.9. Bibliography / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 2.1. General introduction / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2. Principle of passive microwave soil moisture estimation / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr / Ramata Magagi -- 2.2.1. Effect of surface roughness on the brightness temperature of bare soil / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2.2. Effect of vegetation on the brightness temperature of vegetation-covered soil / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2.3. Effect of soil moisture on the signal's sensitivity to surface roughness and vegetation / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2.4. Penetration depth of the signal / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3. Methods for surface soil moisture estimation / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.1. Inversion of direct models: 1-P, 2-P, and N-P inversion of the L-MEB model / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.2. Statistical approaches / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.3. Explicit inversions / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.4. Inversion problems / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4. Soil moisture products derived from passive microwave space-borne observations / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.1. Spatial passive microwave remote sensing evolution for soil moisture estimation / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.2. Validation and representativeness of the large-scale AMSR-E, SMOS, and SMAP SM retrievals / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.3. Example of SMOS soil moisture evaluation over the agricultural sites of CanEx-SM10 and SMAPVEX12 / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.4. Qualitative analysis of the soil moisture values estimated by SMOS and AMSR-E over the agricultural and forest sites of CanEx-SM10 / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.5. Methods for disaggregating satellite soil moisture products derived from passive microwave observations / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.6. Other moisture products derived from passive microwave observations / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.6.1. Moisture index / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.6.2. Root-zone moisture / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7. Principal applications / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7.1. Applications in meteorology (NWP), climate modelling, drought / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7.2. Applications in hydrology, flood risks, agriculture, forestry, etc. / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7.3. Applications in Nordic environments / Ramata Magagi / Yann Kerr / Jean-Pierre Wigneron -- 2.8. Conclusion / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.9. Key points / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.10. Acknowledgments / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.11. Bibliography / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 3.1. Introduction / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.2. Principle of acquisition for scatterometers / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.3. The main scatterometers / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.3.1. Fixed-antenna scatterometers / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.3.2. Rotating antennae scatterometers: SeaWinds / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.4. Thematic applications / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.4.1. Surface-water hydrology / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.4.2. Monitoring vegetation / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.5. Conclusions and prospects / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.6. Key points / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.7. Bibliography / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 4.1. Introduction: the importance of snow cover / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.2. Optical properties of snow / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.3. Properties of snow cover observable by optical remote sensing / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.3.1. The presence of snow / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.3.2. Albedo and optical radius, light-absorbing impurities / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4. The use of data produced from snow-covered surfaces in hydrology / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4.1. What can be done about clouds? / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4.2. Generating hydro-climatic indicators / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4.3. Hydrological modelling / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.5. Possibilities / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.6. Key points / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.7. Bibliography / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 5.1. Introduction / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2. Radar interaction and snow cover / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2.1. Physical characterization of snow / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2.2. Electromagnetic modelling of radar signals / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2.3. The polarimetric study of snow / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3. Mapping snow cover / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3.1. Mapping the extent of snow coverage / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3.2. Mapping snow-water equivalent / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3.3. Specific environments / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.4. Current users and future prospects / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.5. Key points / Jean-Pierre Dedieu / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay -- 5.6. Bibliography / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 6.1. Introduction / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.2. Some generalities concerning the use of satellite altimetry for hydrology / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.3. Case studies using radar and laser altimetry / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.3.1. Lakes in East Africa / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.3.2. Tibetan lakes / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.4. Using altimetry to estimate river flow / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.5. Impact of adjustments and uses of altimetry / Jean-Francois Cretaux / Stephane Calmant -- 6.5.1. The context and the role of spatial altimetry / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.5.2. Case studies with radar altimetry / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.6. Conclusion and prospects / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.7. Key points / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.8. Bibliography / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 7.1. Introduction / Frederique Remy -- 7.2. Antarctica / Frederique Remy -- 7.2.1. The continent of superlatives / Frederique Remy -- 7.2.2. The Antarctic machine / Frederique Remy -- 7.2.3. What and how to observe? / Frederique Remy -- 7.3. Polar altimetry / Frederique Remy -- 7.3.1. Some specifics of altimetry on polar ice caps / Frederique Remy -- 7.3.2. Methodology of evaluating a time series for measuring height / Frederique Remy -- 7.4. Contribution to climatology / Frederique Remy -- 7.5. Antarctica in a stationary state / Frederique Remy -- 7.5.1. Surface topography / Frederique Remy -- 7.5.2. Constraints of the models / Frederique Remy -- 7.6. Temporal variations / Frederique Remy

7.6.1. Very different times and signals / Frederique Remy -- 7.6.2. Lake draining / Frederique Remy -- 7.6.3. Global mass balance / Frederique Remy -- 7.6.4. Acceleration of outlet glaciers: can they bolt? / Frederique Remy -- 7.7. Summary and perspective / Frederique Remy -- 7.8. Key points / Frederique Remy -- 7.9. Bibliography / Frederique Remy -- 8.1. Introduction / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2. Post-processing techniques for global solutions / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2.1. Empirical methods / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2.2. Statistical methods / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2.3. The inverse methods / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.3. Regional approaches / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.3.1. Mascons / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.3.2. The regional method / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.4. Applications / Guillaume Ramillien / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane -- 8.4.1. Applications in land hydrology / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.4.2. Applications in glaciology / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.5. Perspectives / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.6. Key points / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.7. Bibliography / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 9.1. Introduction / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.1.1. History / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.1.2. Chapter outline / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.2. Background on measurement and GNSS-R observable techniques / Frederic Frappart / Erwan Motte / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel / Alejandro Egido -- 9.2.1. GNSS-R by waveform analysis / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.2.2. GNSS-R by analysis of changes in the signal-to-noise ratio / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.3. Altimetry / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.3.1. Measuring the snowpack / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.3.2. Measuring the water level / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Nicolas Roussel / Karen Boniface / Frederic Frappart -- 9.4. Soil moisture / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.1. cGNSS-R methodology (bistatic scatter) / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.2. Example of monitoring the moisture level of an agricultural plot using cGNSS-R / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.3. Monitoring soil moisture by IPT: methodology / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.4. Example of monitoring the moisture level of an agricultural field by IPT / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5. Vegetation cover / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5.1. Biomass estimation by cGNSS-R: theoretical aspects / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5.2. Example of forest biomass estimation by cGNSS-R / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5.3. Monitoring vegetation growth using IPT / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6. Conclusions and perspectives / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6.1. IPT network / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6.2. Aerial/balloon measurements / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6.3. Space-borne measurements / Frederic Frappart / Erwan Motte / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel / Alejandro Egido -- 9.7. Key points / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.8. Bibliography / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 10.1. Introduction / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2. Energy budget and surface temperature / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.1. Radiative budget / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.2. Convective fluxes / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.3. Soil conductive flux / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.4. Energy budget equation / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.5. Significance of surface temperature / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3. Surface temperature data / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3.1. Directional effects in thermal infrared / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3.2. Impact of atmospheric turbulence on measurement uncertainty / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3.3. Current data and their limitations: a need for new missions in the TIR domain / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4. Estimating evapotranspiration / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.1. Residual methods / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.2. Contextual methods / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.3. Assimilation of TIR data / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.4. Operational methods adapted to the availability of satellite data / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5. Other applications / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.1. Agriculture and forestry / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.2. Climate monitoring and health of ecosystems / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.3. Biogeochemical cycles and soil pollution / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.4. Hydrology / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.6. Prospects / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.7. Key points / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.8. Bibliography / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 11.1. Introduction / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.2. Hydrological models / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.3. Satellite data available for assimilation / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.4. Description of data assimilation / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5. Examples of assimilation in hydrological models / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5.1. Assimilation of surface soil moisture / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5.2. Assimilation of river water level / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5.3. Soil water storage assimilation / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.6. Application example: assimilation of SMOS's soil moisture in the DHSVM hydrological model, on the Oueme catchment, Benin / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.6.1. Study area and hydrological model / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.6.2. Assimilation of SMOS surface soil moisture in the hydrological model / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.7. A favourable future to assimilation in hydrology / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.8. Key points / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.9. Bibliography / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 12.1. Assimilation: what is the purpose? / Patricia De Rosnay / Souhail Boussetta / Alina L. Barbu / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.2. Analyses of the vegetation and soil moisture for numerical weather prediction / Jean-Christophe Calvet / Souhail Boussetta / Patricia De Rosnay / Alina L. Barbu -- 12.3. Water: from the soil to the river / Jean-Christophe Calvet / Patricia De Rosnay / Alina L. Barbu / Souhail Boussetta -- 12.4. Natural sinks and sources of CO2 / Alina L. Barbu / Souhail Boussetta / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.5. Conclusions and perspectives / Souhail Boussetta / Alina L. Barbu / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.6. Key points / Alina L. Barbu / Souhail Boussetta / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.7. Bibliography / Souhail Boussetta / Alina L. Barbu / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet.

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Holdings
Item type	Current library	Call number	Status	Notes	Date due	Barcode
كتاب	Central Library المكتبة المركزية	551.5 L263 (Browse shelf(Opens below))	Available	قاعة الكتب		35393

Includes bibliographical references.

Machine-generated contents note: 1.1. Thematic introduction / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.2. Description of soil parameters / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.2.1. Soil roughness / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.2.2. Soil surface moisture / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3. Radar signal sensitivity to soil parameters / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.1. Sensitivity of radar signal to soil roughness / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.2. Sensitivity of the radar signal to soil moisture / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.3. Soil salinity / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.3.4. Soil texture composition / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4. Modelling of radar backscattering on bare soil / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.1. Description of the IEM / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.2. Description of the Dubois model / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.3. Description of the Oh model / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.4.4. Numerical modelling / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.5. Estimation of soil parameters at plot scale based on high and very-high spatial resolution data / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.5.1. Case of bare soil / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.5.2. Case of soil with vegetation cover / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.6. Estimation of soil parameters with medium spatial resolution / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.7. Prospects / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.8. Key points / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 1.9. Bibliography / Mehrez Zribi / Nicolas Baghdadi -- 2.1. General introduction / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2. Principle of passive microwave soil moisture estimation / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr / Ramata Magagi -- 2.2.1. Effect of surface roughness on the brightness temperature of bare soil / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2.2. Effect of vegetation on the brightness temperature of vegetation-covered soil / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2.3. Effect of soil moisture on the signal's sensitivity to surface roughness and vegetation / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.2.4. Penetration depth of the signal / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3. Methods for surface soil moisture estimation / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.1. Inversion of direct models: 1-P, 2-P, and N-P inversion of the L-MEB model / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.2. Statistical approaches / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.3. Explicit inversions / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.3.4. Inversion problems / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4. Soil moisture products derived from passive microwave space-borne observations / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.1. Spatial passive microwave remote sensing evolution for soil moisture estimation / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.2. Validation and representativeness of the large-scale AMSR-E, SMOS, and SMAP SM retrievals / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.3. Example of SMOS soil moisture evaluation over the agricultural sites of CanEx-SM10 and SMAPVEX12 / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.4.4. Qualitative analysis of the soil moisture values estimated by SMOS and AMSR-E over the agricultural and forest sites of CanEx-SM10 / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.5. Methods for disaggregating satellite soil moisture products derived from passive microwave observations / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.6. Other moisture products derived from passive microwave observations / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.6.1. Moisture index / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.6.2. Root-zone moisture / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7. Principal applications / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7.1. Applications in meteorology (NWP), climate modelling, drought / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7.2. Applications in hydrology, flood risks, agriculture, forestry, etc. / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.7.3. Applications in Nordic environments / Ramata Magagi / Yann Kerr / Jean-Pierre Wigneron -- 2.8. Conclusion / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.9. Key points / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.10. Acknowledgments / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 2.11. Bibliography / Ramata Magagi / Jean-Pierre Wigneron / Yann Kerr -- 3.1. Introduction / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.2. Principle of acquisition for scatterometers / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.3. The main scatterometers / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.3.1. Fixed-antenna scatterometers / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.3.2. Rotating antennae scatterometers: SeaWinds / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.4. Thematic applications / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.4.1. Surface-water hydrology / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.4.2. Monitoring vegetation / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.5. Conclusions and prospects / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.6. Key points / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 3.7. Bibliography / Pierre-Louis Frison / Eric Mougin / Lionel Jarlan -- 4.1. Introduction: the importance of snow cover / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.2. Optical properties of snow / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.3. Properties of snow cover observable by optical remote sensing / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.3.1. The presence of snow / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.3.2. Albedo and optical radius, light-absorbing impurities / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4. The use of data produced from snow-covered surfaces in hydrology / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4.1. What can be done about clouds? / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4.2. Generating hydro-climatic indicators / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.4.3. Hydrological modelling / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.5. Possibilities / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.6. Key points / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 4.7. Bibliography / Simon Gascoin / Marie Dumont -- 5.1. Introduction / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2. Radar interaction and snow cover / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2.1. Physical characterization of snow / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2.2. Electromagnetic modelling of radar signals / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.2.3. The polarimetric study of snow / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3. Mapping snow cover / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3.1. Mapping the extent of snow coverage / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3.2. Mapping snow-water equivalent / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.3.3. Specific environments / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.4. Current users and future prospects / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 5.5. Key points / Jean-Pierre Dedieu / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay -- 5.6. Bibliography / Monique Bernier / Yannick Duguay / Jean-Pierre Dedieu -- 6.1. Introduction / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.2. Some generalities concerning the use of satellite altimetry for hydrology / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.3. Case studies using radar and laser altimetry / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.3.1. Lakes in East Africa / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.3.2. Tibetan lakes / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.4. Using altimetry to estimate river flow / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.5. Impact of adjustments and uses of altimetry / Jean-Francois Cretaux / Stephane Calmant -- 6.5.1. The context and the role of spatial altimetry / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.5.2. Case studies with radar altimetry / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.6. Conclusion and prospects / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.7. Key points / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 6.8. Bibliography / Stephane Calmant / Jean-Francois Cretaux -- 7.1. Introduction / Frederique Remy -- 7.2. Antarctica / Frederique Remy -- 7.2.1. The continent of superlatives / Frederique Remy -- 7.2.2. The Antarctic machine / Frederique Remy -- 7.2.3. What and how to observe? / Frederique Remy -- 7.3. Polar altimetry / Frederique Remy -- 7.3.1. Some specifics of altimetry on polar ice caps / Frederique Remy -- 7.3.2. Methodology of evaluating a time series for measuring height / Frederique Remy -- 7.4. Contribution to climatology / Frederique Remy -- 7.5. Antarctica in a stationary state / Frederique Remy -- 7.5.1. Surface topography / Frederique Remy -- 7.5.2. Constraints of the models / Frederique Remy -- 7.6. Temporal variations / Frederique Remy

Note continued: 7.6.1. Very different times and signals / Frederique Remy -- 7.6.2. Lake draining / Frederique Remy -- 7.6.3. Global mass balance / Frederique Remy -- 7.6.4. Acceleration of outlet glaciers: can they bolt? / Frederique Remy -- 7.7. Summary and perspective / Frederique Remy -- 7.8. Key points / Frederique Remy -- 7.9. Bibliography / Frederique Remy -- 8.1. Introduction / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2. Post-processing techniques for global solutions / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2.1. Empirical methods / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2.2. Statistical methods / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.2.3. The inverse methods / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.3. Regional approaches / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.3.1. Mascons / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.3.2. The regional method / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.4. Applications / Guillaume Ramillien / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane -- 8.4.1. Applications in land hydrology / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.4.2. Applications in glaciology / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.5. Perspectives / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.6. Key points / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 8.7. Bibliography / Frederic Frappart / Lucia Seoane / Guillaume Ramillien -- 9.1. Introduction / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.1.1. History / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.1.2. Chapter outline / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.2. Background on measurement and GNSS-R observable techniques / Frederic Frappart / Erwan Motte / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel / Alejandro Egido -- 9.2.1. GNSS-R by waveform analysis / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.2.2. GNSS-R by analysis of changes in the signal-to-noise ratio / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.3. Altimetry / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.3.1. Measuring the snowpack / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.3.2. Measuring the water level / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Nicolas Roussel / Karen Boniface / Frederic Frappart -- 9.4. Soil moisture / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.1. cGNSS-R methodology (bistatic scatter) / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.2. Example of monitoring the moisture level of an agricultural plot using cGNSS-R / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.3. Monitoring soil moisture by IPT: methodology / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.4.4. Example of monitoring the moisture level of an agricultural field by IPT / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5. Vegetation cover / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5.1. Biomass estimation by cGNSS-R: theoretical aspects / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5.2. Example of forest biomass estimation by cGNSS-R / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.5.3. Monitoring vegetation growth using IPT / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6. Conclusions and perspectives / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6.1. IPT network / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6.2. Aerial/balloon measurements / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.6.3. Space-borne measurements / Frederic Frappart / Erwan Motte / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel / Alejandro Egido -- 9.7. Key points / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 9.8. Bibliography / Erwan Motte / Alejandro Egido / Frederic Frappart / Karen Boniface / Nicolas Roussel -- 10.1. Introduction / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2. Energy budget and surface temperature / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.1. Radiative budget / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.2. Convective fluxes / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.3. Soil conductive flux / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.4. Energy budget equation / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.2.5. Significance of surface temperature / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3. Surface temperature data / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3.1. Directional effects in thermal infrared / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3.2. Impact of atmospheric turbulence on measurement uncertainty / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.3.3. Current data and their limitations: a need for new missions in the TIR domain / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4. Estimating evapotranspiration / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.1. Residual methods / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.2. Contextual methods / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.3. Assimilation of TIR data / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.4.4. Operational methods adapted to the availability of satellite data / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5. Other applications / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.1. Agriculture and forestry / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.2. Climate monitoring and health of ecosystems / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.3. Biogeochemical cycles and soil pollution / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.5.4. Hydrology / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.6. Prospects / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.7. Key points / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 10.8. Bibliography / Gilles Boulet / Jean-Pierre Lagouarde -- 11.1. Introduction / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.2. Hydrological models / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.3. Satellite data available for assimilation / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.4. Description of data assimilation / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5. Examples of assimilation in hydrological models / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5.1. Assimilation of surface soil moisture / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5.2. Assimilation of river water level / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.5.3. Soil water storage assimilation / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.6. Application example: assimilation of SMOS's soil moisture in the DHSVM hydrological model, on the Oueme catchment, Benin / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.6.1. Study area and hydrological model / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.6.2. Assimilation of SMOS surface soil moisture in the hydrological model / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.7. A favourable future to assimilation in hydrology / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 11.8. Key points / Thierry Pellarin / Delphine Leroux -- 11.9. Bibliography / Delphine Leroux / Thierry Pellarin -- 12.1. Assimilation: what is the purpose? / Patricia De Rosnay / Souhail Boussetta / Alina L. Barbu / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.2. Analyses of the vegetation and soil moisture for numerical weather prediction / Jean-Christophe Calvet / Souhail Boussetta / Patricia De Rosnay / Alina L. Barbu -- 12.3. Water: from the soil to the river / Jean-Christophe Calvet / Patricia De Rosnay / Alina L. Barbu / Souhail Boussetta -- 12.4. Natural sinks and sources of CO2 / Alina L. Barbu / Souhail Boussetta / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.5. Conclusions and perspectives / Souhail Boussetta / Alina L. Barbu / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.6. Key points / Alina L. Barbu / Souhail Boussetta / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet -- 12.7. Bibliography / Souhail Boussetta / Alina L. Barbu / Patricia De Rosnay / Jean-Christophe Calvet.